This is an academic paper that provides an overview of the impact of the opioid crisis on children and adolescents, as well as summarizes challenges to improving outcomes for children. Adverse consequences of parental opioid use related to the family unit are discussed in detail.
Winstanley, E.L., Stover, A.N. (2019). The Impact of the Opioid Epidemic on Children and Adolescents. Clinical Therapeutics, 41(9), 1655‐1662.